What is the history of digital marketing? Digital marketing is the use of digital channels like search engines, social networks, mobile applications, email and websites, in conjunction with traditional forms such as television and radio broadcasting, to market products and services. Digital marketing is different from traditional forms because it allows businesses to interact with customers directly, monitor customer trends, and remain relevant and exciting in the eyes and ears of customers.
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Back when computers were still large room-size machines equipped with numerous vacuum tubes, scientists began exploring ways to connect them across long distances. Leonard Kleinrock successfully linked a computer at UCLA with one at Stanford using packet switching - breaking data down into smaller chunks before sending across multiple channels before being reassembled when arriving at its destination.
Vint Cerf & Bob Kahn developed an early form TCP/IP for ARPANET, which became the basis of modern Internet. ARPANET officially switched over to this system on January 1st 1983, marking its official introduction into modern existence as the Internet.
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Over the following decades, the Internet continued to thrive as its commercialization enabled more people to afford hardware needed to access it. This led to a period of rapid growth, which saw the creation of websites, email and increased cybersociability. Unfortunately, 1997 witnessed its first speculative bubble and subsequent collapse, yet this did not deter enthusiasm or growth for the Internet.
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Archie was the original search engine introduced to public FTP servers back in 1990. Archie, although not as sophisticated as modern online marketing techniques, laid the foundation for them.
Bajan Alan Emtage, the creator of Archie, was a student at McGill University in Canada. While working as systems administrator on their computer network, he soon was responsible for half of Eastern Canada's Internet traffic.
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He initially kept his program a secret at McGill because it consumed too much bandwidth. However, word spread quickly via Usenet. It became an invaluable tool to find free or public domain content.
Emtage chose not to patent his software because he did not want "big oil or big pharma" to absorb the search engine industry. This decision was extremely influential and remains important today in the history of digital marketing. Many techniques that he introduced through Archie are still employed today by search engines such as Google.
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HotWired Magazine of Wired magazine developed the first clickable banners in 1993 as part of an experiment in digital publishing to generate revenue through selling space on its website to advertisers, just like a traditional print magazine would sell ads to generate income.
Digital marketing was still a new concept, and marketers were unsure of how to begin. Internet usage was not widespread at the time, so experts were unsure how to implement digital strategies in their businesses.
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At this time, a service called DoubleClick emerged that allowed companies to measure the return on investment (ROI) for banner ad campaigns while making real-time modifications on an active campaign.
The dot-com boom began in the early 1990s when many websites started to appear. Many of these businesses failed because they received funding, but were unable to turn it into profit growth. Google and Yahoo survived this phase as digital marketing developed further.
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Though digital marketing's origins may remain controversial, its development can be observed from its inception. The Internet was an enormous factor in shaping digital marketing; take advantage of Intellipaat's Digital Marketing Training for further insight.
In 1982, the Boston Computer Exchange became the inaugural eCommerce website. This site, which operated over a dial-up bulletin board system allowed individuals to buy or sell computers online.
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In the 1990s, commercial Internet use saw rapid advancement. The Archie search engine indexes FTP sites. Computer storage capacity has also increased to the point that companies now use databases instead of list brokers. This spurred on ecommerce.
In 1995, Amazon made its debut as an online bookstore and quickly rose to become one of the leading retail websites worldwide. PayPal provided customers with a safer way to make transactions during this year; YouTube was also introduced, revolutionising marketing as we know it.
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Digital marketing as it exists today first emerged during the 1990s with the development of Archie as well as clickable web banner ads.
Alan Emtage initially developed Archie with an emphasis on indexing FTP sites using a data gatherer script-based data collector to search through folders and files across anonymous FTP servers for specific information. Later it was joined by Veronica for Gopher servers and Jughead as file-based search engines.
In the early 1990s, computer storage capacity increased dramatically and companies began to switch from list brokers to database marketing. Infoseek was Click for more info one of the first companies to offer search results that were ranked according to relevance.
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Ask Jeeves was first launched with its question-and-answer feature featuring its iconic Jeeves the Butler logo in 1997, taking an innovative approach to search using natural language instead of keywords - which was later adopted by other search engines such as Yahoo, Google and Excite.
